Symptoms include relentless fatigue during the day, not feeling rested after sleep, insomnia, reduced sex drive, a "wired and tired" feeling, a reduced ability to concentrate and feel relaxed, and weight gain, especially in the stomach. View abstract. J Nutr.Biochem. Your metabolism determines how many calories you burn each day. Am J Med 1993;95:112-3. 2007;2007:72741. View abstract. Am.J Emerg.Med. 2008;49(4):145-149. Abdollahi H, Abdolahi M, Sedighiyan M, Jafarieh A. 2008;26(3):388-4. Applies to levocarnitine: capsule, capsule liquid filled, solution, tablet. Carnitine and physical exercise. 11-15-2008;102(10):1413-1417. View abstract. Yarizadh H, Shab-Bidar S, Zamani B, Vanani AN, Baharlooi H, Djafarian K. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Riccioni, C., Sarcinella, R., Izzo, A., Palermo, G., Liguori, M., Caliumi, C., Carloni, E., Paolucci, A. M., D'andrea, P., and Pompili, S. Rehabilitative treatment in peripheral artery disease: protocol application and follow-up. L-carnitine may help increase mitochondrial function, which plays a key role in disease and healthy aging (19, 20, 21). Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine metabolism. View abstract. View abstract. J Int.Soc.Sports Nutr. Taking L-carnitine with thyroid hormone might decrease the effectiveness of the thyroid hormone. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2020;12(4):246-255. All rights reserved. Mezzina C, De Grandis D, Calvani M, et al. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication. View abstract. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2000;3:417-24. Nutrients 2020;12(11):3371. View abstract. 2013 Nov;30(8):742-7. A bidimensional echocardiographic study]. Evaluation of torvastatin efficacy and toxicity on spermatozoa, accessory glands and gonadal hormones of healthy men: a pilot prospective clinical trial. Tanphaichitr N. In vitro stimulation of human sperm motility by acetylcarnitine. Report of one case]. Metabolism 2009;58(11):1618-1623. Lu, S. M., Li, X., Zhang, H. B., Hu, J. M., Yan, J. H., Liu, J. L., and Chen, Z. J. 2009;19(73):43-50. 2013;38(1):31-41. (20,39) Chinese J.Pract.Internal Med. 2003;79(2):292-300. Li, Z., Gu, R. H., Liu, Y., Xiang, Z. Q., Cao, X. R., Han, Y. F., Zhang, X. S., and Wang, Y. X. Curative effect of L-carnitine supplementation in the treatment of male infertility. According to this work, published online in the journal Nature Medicine, eating red meat delivers L-carnitine to bacteria that live in the human gut. View abstract. Dragan, A. M., Vasiliu, D., Eremia, N. M., and Georgescu, E. Studies concerning some acute biological changes after endovenous administration of 1 g l-carnitine, in elite athletes. Increases in walking distance in patients with peripheral vascular disease treated with L-carnitine: a double-blind, cross-over study. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2007;30(3):341-349. Ammonia and carnitine concentrations in children treated with sodium valproate compared with other anticonvulsant drugs. View abstract. Murakami K, Sugimoto T, Woo M, et al. Am J Clin.Nutr 2009;89(1):71-76. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Motta, M., Malaguarnera, M., Li, Volti G., and Galvano, F. Effect of L-carnitine on the size of low-density lipoprotein particles in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with simvastatin. 2011;6(1):23-32. Prolonged oral L-carnitine substitution increases bicycle ergometer performance in patients with severe, ischemically induced cardiac insufficiency. View abstract. Lenzi A, Sgro P, Salacone P, et al. China Food Additives 2003;5:40-43. Micic S, Lalic N, Djordjevic D, et al. View abstract. Eur Heart J 1992;13:251-5. View abstract. Acetyl-L-Carnitine - WebMD Uzun, N., Sarikaya, S., Uluduz, D., and Aydin, A. Peripheric and automatic neuropathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: the effect of L-carnitine treatment on the peripheral and autonomic nervous system. Pehlivanoglu S, Enar R Mutlu H Sert A Ersalni M Yazicioglu N. The effect of L-carnitine on left ventricular function in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with streptokinase. 2008;22(4):1130-1135. If You're Not Getting Enough Sleep Acetyl-L-Carnitine May Help View abstract. Mol.Psychiatry 2012;17(3):290-314. View abstract. Nephron 38 (1984): 120-4, 6. But doses of less than 3 grams a day seem safe for pretty much anyone. The antagonistic effect of carnitine in hyperthyroidism. How can you boost your metabolism? View abstract. Potential involvement of altered carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I activity. Effect of L-carnitine in patients with asthenospermia. View abstract. Sweets. L-carnitine supplementation for the management of fatigue in patients with cancer: an eastern cooperative oncology group phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur.Urol. Marthaler NP, Visarius T, Kupfer A, Lauterburg BH. Additionally, the risk of deficiency is higher for those with diseases like cirrhosis and kidney disease. 2009;79(3):131-141. View abstract. Pediatr.Neonatol. L-CARNITINE - Uses, Side Effects, and More - WebMD Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1988;26:217-20. A., Gupta, A., Vajifdar, B. U., and Lokhandwala, Y. Y. L-carnitine moderately improves the exercise tolerance in chronic stable angina. 2010;45(6):762-763. Taking your CoQ10 with food not only helps . View abstract. Baudouin C, Labb A, Liang H, Pauly A, Brignole-Baudouin F. Preservatives in eyedrops: the good, the bad and the ugly. Current Therapeutic Research 1986;39(3):429-435. There is little evidence that L-carnitine supplementation improves cancer -related fatigue, low fertility, or overall physical health. De Ritis G, Picardo S, Brancadoro D, and et al. Pande, S., Brion, L. P., Campbell, D. E., Gayle, Y., and Esteban-Cruciani, N. V. Lack of effect of L-carnitine supplementation on weight gain in very preterm infants. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. View abstract. Amino.Acids 2009;36(2):365-372. B., Gokcay, G., Grunewald, S., Guffon, N., Maier, E. M., Morava, E., Geb, S., Schwahn, B., Walter, J. H., Wendel, U., Wijburg, F. A., Muller, E., Kolker, S., and Horster, F. Diagnostic work-up and management of patients with isolated methylmalonic acidurias in European metabolic centres. Shahidi M, Hashemi SR, Fattahi N, et al. Some animal studies suggest that the acetyl form, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR), may help prevent age-related mental decline and improve markers of learning (30, 31). Hypertension 2009;54(3):567-574. As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. Effects of pre-transplant L-carnitine supplementation on primary graft dysfunction in liver transplant recipients: a pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Huazhong.Univ Sci Technolog.Med.Sci 2006;26(2):188-191. Systematic review of pharmacological treatments in fragile X syndrome. View abstract. J Assoc Physicians India 2000;48(11):1050-1052. Expert.Opin.Investig.Drugs 2008;17(6):827-843. Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of painful peripheral neuropathies in HIV+ patients. I fell asleep at night but woke up repeatedly and then couldn't get back to sleep. A randomised, controlled clinical trial evaluating changes in therapeutic efficacy and oxidative parameters after treatment with propionyl L-carnitine in patients with peripheral arterial disease requiring haemodialysis. Neurol.India 2008;56(3):391-393. 2014 Feb;99(2):408-22. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Zhongguo Wei Zhong.Bing.Ji.Jiu.Yi Xue 2011;23(12):739-742. View abstract. Acute and chronic effects of propionyl-L-carnitine on the hemodynamics, exercise capacity, and hormones in patients with congestive heart failure. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. Schmidt-Sommerfeld E, Penn D. Carnitine and total parenteral nutrition of the neonate. Winter SC, Szabo-Aczel S, Curry CJR, et al. . Mingrone G, Greco AV, Capristo E, et al. Sci Rep. 2016;6:19188. View abstract. Wilderness.Environ.Med. Fertil Steril 2004;81:1578-84. View abstract. Brand names: Carnitor, L-Carnitine 1979;43(2):300-306. Block, K. I., Koch, A. C., Mead, M. N., Tothy, P. K., Newman, R. A., and Gyllenhaal, C. Impact of antioxidant supplementation on chemotherapeutic toxicity: a systematic review of the evidence from randomized controlled trials. Clinical Trials Journal 1986;23(4):242-248. View abstract. Am J Cardiol. Vance CK, Vance H, Winter SC, et al. Efficacy of L-propionylcarnitine treatment in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Asymptomatic hyperammonemia in children treated with valproic acid. Jimenez Caballero, P. E. and Marsal, Alonso C. [Type 1 glutaric aciduria: clinical and therapeutic implications]. List of All Orphan Products Designations and Approvals. Jpn Heart J 1995;36(3):319-331. For this reason, L-carnitine levels are often lower in vegetarians and vegans, since they restrict or avoid animal products (6, 62). Side Effects. 2001;23 Suppl 1:S85-S89. Gentile, V., Antonini, G., Antonella, Bertozzi M., Dinelli, N., Rizzo, C., Ashraf, Virmani M., and Koverech, A. Zilleruelo, G., Novak, M., Hsia, S. L., Goldberg, R., Abitbol, C., Monkus, E., and Strauss, J. However, there were some mild side effects, including nausea and stomach discomfort (24, 58). Sandor, A., Pecsuvac, K., Kerner, J., and Alkonyi, I. "So there's a link . Effects of L-carnitine on leukocyte function and viability in hemodialysis patients: A double-blind randomized trial. Liu, S., Wu, H. J., Zhang, Z. Q., Chen, Q., Liu, B., Wu, J. P., and Zhu, L. L-carnitine ameliorates cancer cachexia in mice by regulating the expression and activity of carnitine palmityl transferase. Faria, C. C., Mota, J. F., Paula Ravagnani, F. C., and Burini, R. C. [The supplementation of L-carnitine does not promote alterations in the resting metabolic rate and in the use of energetic substrates in physically active individuals]. Cellular stress responses, mitostress and carnitine insufficiencies as critical determinants in aging and neurodegenerative disorders: role of hormesis and vitagenes. Acta Urol Ital 1996;10(3):185-187. View abstract. View abstract. 2006;8(5 Pt 1):503-507. Biomed Rep 2020;13(6):65. View abstract. Gentile V, Vicini P, Prigiotti G, et al. Signorelli, S. S., Fatuzzo, P., Rapisarda, F., Neri, S., Ferrante, M., Oliveri, Conti G., Fallico, R., Di, Pino L., Pennisi, G., Celotta, G., and Massimiliano, A. For these reasons, L-carnitine supplements are only necessary in special cases, such as disease treatment. View abstract. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. (1) On top of the limitations in positive studies, it has also shown to be completely useless. Tabibi, H., Hakeshzadeh, F., Hedayati, M., and Malakoutian, T. Effects of l-carnitine supplement on serum amyloid A and vascular inflammation markers in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:99-107. Neuromuscul.Disord. Isidori, A. M., Pozza, C., Gianfrilli, D., and Isidori, A. Effect of Levocarnitine on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Conventional Therapy in Children with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Results of a Randomized Trial in 29 Children. Am.J Alzheimers.Dis Other Demen. This may lead to irritability, hyperactivity or insomnia. Ann N.Y.Acad.Sci 2004;1033:168-176. Clin Ter. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what dose might be best for a specific condition. Potential role of levocarnitine supplementation for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced fatigue in non-anaemic cancer patients. View abstract. 2008;14(2):149-151. View abstract. View abstract. Pesce, V., Fracasso, F., Cassano, P., Lezza, A. M., Cantatore, P., and Gadaleta, M. N. Acetyl-L-carnitine supplementation to old rats partially reverts the age-related mitochondrial decay of soleus muscle by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis. Dragan, I. G., Vasiliu, A., Georgescu, E., and Eremia, N. Studies concerning chronic and acute effects of L-carnitina in elite athletes. Dig Liver Dis 2007;39:922-8. 2007;22(5):727-733. Vegans or people with certain genetic issues may be unable to produce or obtain enough. (pre-publication author's copy, via correspondence) 2002;1-14. Ann.Hematol. Malaguarnera M, Cammalleri L, Gargante MP, et al. Ohtani Y, Endo F, Matsuda I. Carnitine deficiency and hyperammonemia associated with valproic acid therapy. It can cause nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, weakness, and chest pain (angina). A single-center prospective pilot study. Intern.Med 2010;49(16):1717-1725. Dimitriadis, F., Tsambalas, S., Tsounapi, P., Kawamura, H., Vlachopoulou, E., Haliasos, N., Gratsias, S., Watanabe, T., Saito, M., Miyagawa, I., and Sofikitis, N. Effects of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors on Leydig cell secretory function in oligoasthenospermic infertile men: a randomized trial. J Gastroenterol. Goral S. Levocarnitine and muscle metabolism in patients with end-stage renal disease. Cifone MG, Alesse E, Di Marzio L, et al. J Clin Oncol. View abstract. Chen, X. F., Li, Z., Ping, P., Dai, J. C., Zhang, F. B., and Shang, X. J. Boehm G, Stahl B. Oligosaccharides from milk. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019;147(1):59-64. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.12902. In a preliminary analysis, we reported that L-carnitine could improve fatigue, mood and sleep. A placebo-controlled double-blind randomized trial of the use of combined l-carnitine and l-acetyl-carnitine treatment in men with asthenozoospermia. Insomnia - 10 Medications That Can Cause Sleeplessness - AARP Shang R, Sun Z, Li H. Effective dosing of L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. There are few negative side effects from this supplement at reasonable doses. View abstract. J Am Acad.Dermatol. View abstract. View abstract. As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. The evidence is mixed when it comes to L-carnitines effects on sports performance. Carnitine metabolism in early stages of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Zelnik N, Fridkis I, Gruener N. Reduced carnitine and antiepileptic drugs: cause relationship or co-existence? Tanner, L. M., Nanto-Salonen, K., Rashed, M. S., Kotilainen, S., Aalto, M., Venetoklis, J., Niinikoski, H., Huoponen, K., and Simell, O. Carnitine deficiency and L-carnitine supplementation in lysinuric protein intolerance. Laker MF, Green C, Bhuiyan AK, Shuster S. Isotretinoin and serum lipids: studies on fatty acid, apolipoprotein and intermediary metabolism. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Oral administration of l-carnitine improves the clinical outcome of fertility in patients with IVF treatment. Megri K, Trombert JC Zannier A. Metabolism Boosters: Weight Loss Fact or Fiction? B., and Wang, Y. X. View abstract. Alcohol Alcohol 2010;45(5):449-455. Horm.Metab Res. Lynch, K. E., Feldman, H. I., Berlin, J. Lacour, B., Di Giulio, S., Chanard, J., Ciancioni, C., Haguet, M., Lebkiri, B., Basile, C., Drueke, T., Assan, R., and Funck-Brentano, J. L. Carnitine improves lipid anomalies in haemodialysis patients. Evaluation of the effects of L-acetylcarnitine on senile patients suffering from depression. View abstract. Anxiety (feeling nervous and jittery). Kavukcu, S., Turkmen, M., Salman, S., Onvural, B., Oktay, G., Karaman, O., and Cevik, N. T. The effects of L-carnitine on respiratory function tests in children undergoing chronic hemodialysis. 2002;4(1):61-66. More severe and rarer side effects are seizures and muscle weakness in people prone to heart disease [ 38 ]. Khajeh B, Dashti-Khavidaki S, Nasiri-Toosi M, Mohammadi K, Jafari A. J Physiol Biochem. View abstract. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2019;75(8):1037-46. doi: 10.1007/s00228-019-02666-5. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2011;17(6):I15-I23. Vaux, E. C., Taylor, D. J., Altmann, P., Rajagopalan, B., Graham, K., Cooper, R., Bonomo, Y., and Styles, P. Effects of carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism by the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy in end-stage renal disease.