Eventually, due to Muhammad's failure to return, Musa was recognized as mansa.[89]. In approximately 1140 the Sosso kingdom of Kaniaga, a former vassal of Wagadou, began conquering the lands of its old rulers. His administration and military work allowed the empire to survive through the 16th century, solidifying him, his empire, and his family into the imaginations of storytellers around the world. [93] He did not, however, hold the power of previous mansas because of the influence of his kankoro-sigui. [87] The figure of Fajigi combines both Islam and traditional beliefs. [28] The Tarikh al-fattash claims that Musa accidentally killed Kanku at some point prior to his hajj. He had first-hand information from several sources, and from a second-hand source, he learned of the visit of Mansa Musa. After Ibn Khaldun's death in 1406, there are no further Arab primary sources except for Leo Africanus, who wrote over a century later. The Malian and Moroccan armies fought at Jenne on 26 April, the last day of Ramadan, and the Moroccans were victorious thanks to their firearms and Bukar's support, but Mahmud was able to escape. It spanned the modern-day countries of Senegal, southern Mauritania, Mali, northern Burkina Faso, western Niger, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, the Ivory Coast and northern Ghana. [j][52][53] While in Cairo, Musa met with the Mamluk sultan al-Nasir Muhammad, whose reign had already seen one mansa, Sakura, make the hajj. Musa I (c. 1280 - 1337), better known as Mansa Musa, was the ninth mansa of the Mali Empire.Widely considered to have been the wealthiest person in known history (some sources measuring his wealth at around $400 billion adjusted to inflation), his vast wealth was used to attract scholars, merchants and architects to Mali, establishing it as a beacon of Islamic trade, culture and learning. Bukar professed his support, but believing Mahmud's situation to be hopeless, secretly went over to the Moroccans. Your email address will not be published. Rulers of West African states had made pilgrimages to Mecca before Mansa Ms, but the effect of his flamboyant journey was to advertise both Mali and Mansa Ms well beyond the African continent and to stimulate a desire among the Muslim kingdoms of North Africa, and among many of European nations as well, to reach the source of this incredible wealth. [69] The Kangaba province, free of Sonink influence, splintered into twelve kingdoms with their own maghan (meaning prince) or faama. Musa I of Mali | Biography, Wealth, Slaves, Pilgrimage, & Facts A dknsi performed the same function except with slave troops called sofa ("guardian of the horse") and under the command of a farimba ("great brave man"). The dates of Musa's reign are uncertain. [113], In 1544 or 1545,[f] a Songhai force led by kanfari Dawud, who would later succeed his brother Askia Ishaq as ruler of the Songhai Empire, sacked the capital of Mali and purportedly used the royal palace as a latrine. His skillful administration left his empire well-off at the time of his death, but eventually, the empire fell apart. Ibn Battuta had written that in Taghaza there were no trees and there is only sand and the salt mines. [126], The Kouroukan Fouga also put in place social and economic reforms including prohibitions on the maltreatment of prisoners and slaves, installing documents between clans which clearly stated who could say what about whom. He was an extremely successful military leader He is the resurrected spirit of Masuta the Ascended, the second boss in the first elite dungeon, Temple of Aminishi . Updates? Grades 5 - 8 Subjects Geography, Human Geography, Social Studies, Ancient Civilizations, World History Image Timbuktu, Henrich Barth Painting The fame of Mansa Musa and his phenomenal wealth spread as he traveled on his hajj to Mecca. Mansa Musa's personal name was Musa (Arabic: , romanized:Ms), the Arabic form of Moses. [93] Emperor Bonga did not appear to hold the area, and it stayed within the Mali Empire after Maghan Keita III's death in 1400. They are descendants of. The Gbara or Great Assembly would serve as the Mandinka deliberative body until the collapse of the empire in 1645. Masuta performs many of the same attacks as his original incarnation (though he yells a quote prior to using his abilities), but does not summon thrashing waters or create . The conquest of Sosso in c. 1235 gave the Mali Empire access to the trans-Saharan trade routes. [26] Sariq Jata may be another name for Sunjata, who was actually Musa's great-uncle. The earliest document mentioning the mosque is Abd al-Sadi's Tarikh al-Sudan, which gives the early history, presumably from the oral tradition as it existed in the mid seventeenth century. The organization and smooth administration of a purely African empire, the founding of the University of Sankore, the expansion of trade in Timbuktu, the architectural innovations in Gao, Timbuktu, and Niani and, indeed, throughout the whole of Mali and in the subsequent Songhai empire are all testimony to Mansa Mss superior administrative gifts. [5] In c. 1285 Sakoura, a former royal court slave, became emperor and was one of Mali's most powerful rulers, greatly expanding the empire's territory. However, it went through radical changes before reaching the legendary proportions proclaimed by its subjects. The Mali Empire (Manding: Mand or Manden; Arabic: , romanized: Ml) was an empire in West Africa from c. 1226 to 1670. [27] His list does not necessarily accurately reflect the actual organization of the Mali Empire,[28] and the identification of the listed provinces is controversial. [42] Among these preparations would likely have been raids to capture and enslave people from neighboring lands, as Musa's entourage would include many thousands of enslaved people; the historian Michael Gomez estimates that Mali may have captured over 6,000 people per year for this purpose. All rights reserved. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Intro animation: Syawish Rehman. The Mali Empire covered a larger area for a longer period of time than any other West African state before or since. Mansa Ms left a realm notable for its extent and richeshe built the Great Mosque at Timbuktubut he is best remembered in the Middle East and Europe for the splendour of his pilgrimage to Mecca (1324). The third great account is that of Ibn Khaldun, who wrote in the early 15th century. [70] The mansa lost control of Jalo during this period. In 1203, the Sosso king Soumaoro of the Kant clan came to power and reportedly terrorised much of Manden stealing women and goods from both Dodougou and Kri. The empire taxed every ounce of gold, copper and salt that entered its borders. Sadly for Sundjata, this did not occur before his father died. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. "LEAD: International: The History of Guinea-Bissau", "Four People Who Single-handedly Caused Economic Crises", "Lessons from Timbuktu: What Mali's Manuscripts Teach About Peace | World Policy Institute", "Mossi (12501575 AD) DBA 2.0 Variant Army List", "The history of Africa Peul and Toucouleur", "Africa and Slavery 15001800 by Sanderson Beck", "How the Mali Empire in the 12th century revolved levels of governance", Trade, Transport, Temples, and Tribute: The Economics of Power, "Gold, Islam and Camels: The Transformative Effects of Trade and Ideology", "Power and permanence in precolonial Africa: a case study from the central Sahel", "Recherches sur l'Empire du Mali au Moyen Age", "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia", "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires", Metropolitan Museum Empires of the Western Sudan: Mali Empire, Ibn Battuta: Travels in Asia and Africa 13251354, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mali_Empire&oldid=1142808910, Identification disputed; possibly no fixed capital, Yantaar or Kel Antasar: Located in the vicinity of the, Tn Ghars or Yantar'ras: Correspond to the modern, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 13:53. [39] Her jamu (clan name) Konte is shared with both Sunjata's mother Sogolon Konte and his arch-enemy Sumanguru Konte. [70] Two noble brothers from Niani, of unknown lineage, went to Dioma with an army and drove out the Fula Wassoulounk. This can be interpreted as either "Musa son of Abu Bakr" or "Musa descendant of Abu Bakr." Who would native Malians have considered their greatest ruler? Mansa Musa ruled the Malian empire from 1312-1337 CE. He made his wealth and that of Mali known through a long and extravagant pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324, the 17th year of his reign as emperor of Mali. Editing: Jack Rackam. [22], Genealogy of the mansas of the Mali Empire up to Magha II (d.c.1389), based on Levtzion's interpretation of Ibn Khaldun. [108], Despite their power in the west, Mali was losing the battle for supremacy in the north and northeast. It was this pilgrimage that awakened the world to the stupendous wealth of Mali. The area was famous as a hunting ground for the large amount of game that it sheltered, as well as its dense vegetation. [41] A particular challenge lies in interpreting early Arabic manuscripts, in which, without vowel markings and diacritics, foreign names can be read in numerous different ways (e.g. Malink, also known as Mande, Mali, or Melle, was founded around 1200 CE, and under Mansa Musa's reign . He left Kanku Musa, a grandson of Sunjata's brother Mande Bori, in charge during his absence. Lange, Dierk (1996), "The Almoravid expansion and the downfall of Ghana", Der Islam 73 (2): 313351. [20] For the later period of the Mali Empire, the major written primary sources are Portuguese accounts of the coastal provinces of Mali and neighboring societies.[21]. Afterward, he put himself and his kingdom, West Africa's Mali, on the map, literally. It was during Suleyman's 19-year reign that Ibn Battuta visited Mali. The voyage is often incorrectly attributed to a Mansa Abu Bakr II, but no such mansa ever reigned. Ibn Khaldun recorded that in 776 A.H or 1374/1375 AD he interviewed a Sijilmasan scholar named Muhammad b. Wasul who had lived in Gao and had been employed in its judiciary. to 1337 C.E. [75] This victory resulted in the fall of the Kaniaga kingdom and the rise of the Mali Empire. Traveling from his capital of Niani on the upper Niger River to Walata (Oualta, Mauritania) and on to Tuat (now in Algeria) before making his way to Cairo, Mansa Ms was accompanied by an impressive caravan consisting of 60,000 men including a personal retinue of 12,000 enslaved persons, all clad in brocade and Persian silk. Who Are the Mandinka? - HISTORY Running a website with millions of readers every month is expensive. Sergio Domian, an Italian scholar of art and architecture, wrote of this period: "Thus was laid the foundation of an urban civilization. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita (c. 1214 c. 1255) and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa (Musa Keita). [40] Seemingly contradictory reports written by Arab visitors, a lack of definitive archaeological evidence, and the diversity of oral traditions all contribute to this uncertainty. Ibn Khaldun claims Musa reigned for 25 years, so his accession is dated to 25 years before his death. World History Encyclopedia, 17 Oct 2020. Is Mansa Musa the richest man who ever lived? - BBC News [56] Musa and his entourage lingered in Mecca after the last day of the hajj. The child of this marriage received the first name of his mother (Sogolon) and the surname of his father (Djata). [83] This term was used interchangeably with dinar, though it is unclear if coined currency was used in the empire. The army of the Mali Empire used of a wide variety of weapons depending largely on where the troops originated. This region straddles the border between what is now southern Mali and northeastern Guinea. Included in al-Qalqashandi's quotation of al-'Umari, but not in any manuscript of al-'Umari's text itself, which only list thirteen provinces despite saying there are fourteen. The Mansa led the second expedition himself, and appointed Musa as his deputy to rule the empire until he returned. [44] Niani's reputation as an imperial capital may derive from its importance in the late imperial period, when the Songhai Empire to the northeast pushed Mali back to the Manding heartland. He brought architects from Andalusia, a region in Spain, and Cairo to build his grand palace in Timbuktu and the great Djinguereber Mosque that still stands today. [133], There was no standard currency throughout the realm, but several forms were prominent by region. "[42], Early European writers such as Maurice Delafosse believed that Niani, a city on what is now the border between Guinea and Mali, was the capital for most of the empire's history, and this notion has taken hold in the popular imagination. In that year he succeeded his father, Abu Bakr II, to the throne and thus gained the hereditary title of mansa. Kankan Musa, better known as Mansa Musa probably took power in approximately 1312, although an earlier date is possible. All gold was immediately handed over to the imperial treasury in return for an equal value of gold dust. Robert Smith, "The Canoe in West African History", harvnb error: no target: CITEREFBourgeois1987 (, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Kitab al-Masalik wa al-Mamalik (Book of Highways and Kingdoms) Ab Ubayd Al-Bakri, "The Empire of Mali, In Our Time BBC Radio 4", "Tracing History in Dia, in the Inland Niger Delta of Mali -Archaeology, Oral Traditions and Written Sources". Despite the faama of Niani's wishes to respect the prophecy and put Sundiata on the throne, the son from his first wife Sassouma Brt was crowned instead. [86], The name "Musa" has become virtually synonymous with pilgrimage in Mand tradition, such that other figures who are remembered as going on a pilgrimage, such as Fakoli, are also called Musa. Mansa Musa of the Mali Empire was the Richest king in history - iwish2click Constant civil war between leaders led to a weakened state. The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. [61], According to the Tarikh al-Sudan, the cities of Gao and Timbuktu submitted to Musa's rule as he traveled through on his return to Mali. [20] Additional information comes from two 17th-century manuscripts written in Timbuktu, the Tarikh Ibn al-Mukhtar[c] and the Tarikh al-Sudan. Mansa Musa returned from Mecca with several Islamic scholars, including direct descendants of the prophet Muhammad and an Andalusian poet and architect by the name of Abu Es Haq es Saheli,. Musa provided all necessities for the procession, feeding the entire company of men and animals. We care about our planet! Only sofa were equipped by the state, using bows and poisoned arrows. Musa is known for his wealth and generosity. Al-Umari reported that Mali had fourteen provinces. [59] Those not living in the mountains formed small city-states such as Toron, Ka-Ba and Niani. While this was probably an exaggeration, it is known that during his pilgrimage to Mecca one of his generals, Sagmandia (Sagaman-dir), extended the empire by capturing the Songhai capital of Gao. Around 1610, Mahmud Keita IV died. Watch the map animation on From Nothing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOexUoPc6YUBe sure to subscribe to From Nothing for more African History:https://www.. U UsefulCharts 0 followers More information Mansa Musa Family Tree Rich Man [120] Each ruler used the title of mansa, but their authority only extended as far as their own sphere of influence. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University. The Royal Kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhay: Life in Medieval Africa By Patricia McKissack, Fredrick McKissack Page 60, "The richest person who ever lived had unimaginable wealth. Mansa Sandaki Keita, a descendant of kankoro-sigui Mari Djata Keita, deposed Maghan Keita II, becoming the first person without any Keita dynastic relation to officially rule Mali. Musa is known for his wealth and generosity. From the Mamma Haidara Commemorative Library, Timbuktu. He had so much gold that during his hajj to Mecca, the Mansa passed out gold to all the poor along the way. [89] This claim is often sourced to an article in CelebrityNetWorth,[89] which claims that Musa's wealth was the equivalent of US$400 billion. The only real requirement was that the mansa knew he could trust this individual to safeguard imperial interests. [54] Despite this initial awkwardness, the two rulers got along well, and exchanged gifts. [51] Musa made a major point of showing off his nation's wealth. . Musa is reported to have reigned for 25 years, and different lines of evidence suggest he died either. CREDITS: Chart/Narration: Matt Baker Research/Artwork: From Nothing Team Editing: Jack Rackam Intro animation: Syawish Rehman Intro music: "Lord of the Land" by Kevin MacLeod and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license 4.0. [33] Some modern historians have cast doubt on Musa's version of events, suggesting he may have deposed his predecessor and devised the story about the voyage to explain how he took power. UsefulCharts, . He brought a large entourage with him which impressed people everywhere they went. [125] Farin was a general term for northern commander at the time. The empire was founded by Sundiata Keita (c. 1214 - c. 1255) and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa (Musa Keita). [79][80], Musa's reign is commonly regarded as Mali's golden age, but this perception may be the result of his reign being the best recorded by Arabic sources, rather than him necessarily being the wealthiest and most powerful mansa of Mali. [29] Al-Umari, who visited Cairo shortly after Musa's pilgrimage to Mecca, noted that it was "a lavish display of power, wealth, and unprecedented by its size and pageantry". [92] He was one of the first truly devout Muslims to lead the Mali Empire. All of them agree that he took a very large group of people; the mansa kept a personal guard of some 500 men,[94] and he gave out so many alms and bought so many things that the value of gold in Egypt and Arabia depreciated for twelve years. The Mandinka went on to form the powerful and rich Mali Empire, which produced the richest Black man who ever lived, King Mansa Musa. Through the oral tradition of griots, the Keita dynasty, from which nearly every Mali emperor came, claims to trace its lineage back to Lawalo, one of the sons of Bilal,[60] the faithful muezzin of Islam's prophet Muhammad, who was said to have migrated into Mali and his descendants established the ruling Keita dynasty through Maghan Kon Fatta, father of Sundiata Keita.[61]. The most common measure for gold within the realm was the ambiguous mithqal (4.5grams of gold). He brought back with him descendants of Mohammed, Islamic scholars, and architect Abu Es Haq es Saheli, who went on to create the Djinguereber mosque. [74] The combined forces of northern and southern Manden defeated the Sosso army at the Battle of Kirina (then known as Krina) in approximately 1235. The House of Saud is ruled by the descendants of King Abdulaziz, who founded and unified Saudi Arabia in 1932. Mansa Musa returned from Mecca with several Islamic scholars, including direct descendants of the prophet Muhammad and an Andalusian poet and architect by the name of Abu Es Haq es Saheli,. Mansa Musa brought architects and scholars from across the Islamic world into his kingdom, and the reputation of the Mali kingdom grew. We all know of Mansa Musa, possibly the richest man to ever exist. [95] Musa himself further promoted the appearance of having vast, inexhaustible wealth by spreading rumors that gold grew like a plant in his kingdom. Furthermore, his hajj in 1324 was in some ways an act of solidarity that showed his connection to other rulers and peoples throughout the Islamic world. [115], Mali's fortunes seem to have improved in the second half of the 16th century. Mansa Mahmud Keita II's rule was characterised by more losses to Mali's old possessions and increased contact between Mali and Portuguese explorers along the coast. Musa made his pilgrimage between 1324 and 1325 spanning 2,700 miles. [78] There was evidently a power struggle of some kind involving the gbara or great council and donson ton or hunter guilds. Gold dust had been weighed and bagged for use at least since the time of the Ghana Empire. ), mansa (emperor) of the West African empire of Mali from 1307 (or 1312). That same year, after the Mandinka general known as Sagmandir put down yet another rebellion in Gao,[93] Mansa Musa came to Gao and accepted the capitulation of the King of Ghana and his nobles. Musa went on hajj to Mecca in 1324, traveling with an enormous entourage and a vast supply of gold. Scholars have located the capital in Niani, or somewhere on the Niger, or proposed that it changed several times, that there was no true capital, or even that it lay as far afield as the upper Gambia River in modern-day Senegal. Mansa Musa began extending the shores of the empire alongside amassing great wealth and riches. The Wangara, an Old Soninke Diaspora in West Africa? Ibn Khaldun in Levtzion and Hopkins, eds. Every year merchants entered Mali via Oualata with camel loads of salt to sell in Niani. "[96], Contemporary sources suggest that the mounts employed by this caravan were one hundred elephants, which carried those loads of gold, and several hundred camels, carrying the food, supplies and weaponries which were brought to the rear.[97]. In the 17th year of his reign (1324), he set out on his famous pilgrimage to Mecca. (2020, October 17). Captivation History summarizes Mansa Musa's story from his ancestors to his descendants as they reigned over the Mali Empire beginning in the 1300s. [86] Fajigi is remembered as having traveled to Mecca to retrieve ceremonial objects known as boliw, which feature in Mand traditional religion. We all know of Mansa Musa, possibly the richest man to ever - reddit Mansa Musa was immensely wealthy (whether he can be regarded as personally wealthy or wealthy because he controlled the gold mines of Mali is, of course, a . We would much rather spend this money on producing more free history content for the world. [18][16], Another hypothesis suggests that the name Mali is derived from Mand mali "hippopotamus", an animal that had special significance to the Keitas, and that Mand means "little manatee". [57], Modern oral traditions also related that the Mandinka kingdoms of Mali or Manden had already existed several centuries before Sundiata's unification as a small state just to the south of the Sonink empire of Wagadou, better known as the Ghana Empire. In 1542, the Songhai invaded the capital city but were unsuccessful in conquering the empire. This thread is archived Bowmen formed a large portion of the field army as well as the garrison. . [19], Much of what is known about Musa comes from Arabic sources written after his hajj, especially the writings of Al-Umari and Ibn Khaldun. In 1307, Mansa Musa came to the throne after a series of civil wars and ruled for thirty years. According to the records of Ibn Battuta,[138][139] copper which traded in bars was mined from Takedda in the north and traded in the south for gold. [131] Mansa Musa placed a heavy tax on all objects that went through Timbuktu. Geography, Human Geography, Social Studies, Ancient Civilizations, World History. The architectural crafts in Granada had reached their zenith by the fourteenth century, and its extremely unlikely that a cultured and wealthy poet would have had anything more than a dilettante's knowledge of the intricacies of contemporary architectural practice. Ms I of Mali, Ms also spelled Musa or Mousa, also called Kankan Ms or Mansa Musa, (died 1332/37? Mansa Musa - Wikipedia [11][b] In Mand tradition, it was common for one's name to be prefixed by their mother's name, so the name Kanku Musa means "Musa, son of Kanku", although it is unclear if the genealogy implied is literal. Mansa Musa (1280-1337) - BlackPast.org Mansa Ms, whose empire was one of the largest in the world at that time, is reported to have observed that it would take a year to travel from one end of his empire to the other. During this period, there was an advanced level of urban living in the major centers of Mali. By the time they reached Suez, many of the Malian pilgrims had died of cold, starvation, or bandit raids, and they had lost many of their supplies. These conflicts also interrupted trade. Mali's domain also extended into the desert. This is the first account of a West African kingdom made directly by an eyewitness; the others are usually second-hand. Mahmud Keita, possibly a grandchild or great-grandchild of Mansa Gao Keita, was crowned Mansa Maghan Keita III in 1390. [97] Though this has been described as having "wrecked" Egypt's economy,[85] the historian Warren Schultz has argued that this was well within normal fluctuations in the value of gold in Mamluk Egypt. [122] This campaign gutted Manden and destroyed any hope of the three mansas cooperating to free their land. Although this time in the kingdom was prosperous, Mali's wealth and power soon declined. Sundiata Keita was a warrior-prince of the Keita dynasty who was called upon to free the local people from the rule of the king of the Sosso Empire, Soumaoro Kant. Musa Mansa | YourDictionary Much of the history is oral, given by professional "historians". Hamana (or Amana), southwest of Joma, became the southern sphere, with its capital at Kouroussa in modern Guinea. He attempted to make Islam the faith of the nobility,[93] but kept to the imperial tradition of not forcing it on the populace. These farbas would rule their old kingdoms in the name of the mansa with most of the authority they held prior to joining the empire. Mansa Fadima Musa Keita, or Mansa Musa Keita II, began the process of reversing his brother's excesses. Stride, G. T., & C. Ifeka: "Peoples and Empires of West Africa: West Africa in History 10001800". But the Mali Empire built by his predecessors was too strong for even his misrule and it passed intact to Musa's brother, Souleyman Keita in 1341. Around 1550, Mali attacked Bighu in an effort to regain access to its gold. He encouraged his subjects immersion in scholarship, the arts, and the Qurn. In Niani, Musa built the Hall of Audience, a building communicating by an interior door to the royal palace. In the 17th year of his reign (1324), he set out on his famous pilgrimage to Mecca. According to Burkinab writer Joseph Ki-Zerbo, the farther a person travelled from Niani, the more decentralised the mansa's power became. [91] Historians such as Hadrien Collet have argued that Musa's wealth is impossible to accurately calculate. Free warriors from the south came armed with bows and poisonous arrows. Mansa Souleyman Keita died in 1360 and was succeeded by his son, Camba Keita. At Taghaza, for example, salt was exchanged; at Takedda, copper. While in Mecca, conflict broke out between a group of Malian pilgrims and a group of Turkic pilgrims in the Masjid al-Haram. [12][h] Ibn Battuta, who visited Mali during the reign of Musa's brother Sulayman, said that Musa's grandfather was named Sariq Jata. 6. This style is characterised by the use of mudbricks and an adobe plaster, with large wooden-log support beams that jut out from the wall face for large buildings such as mosques or palaces. And so the name Keita became a clan/family and began its reign.[70]. Contemporary sources claim 60 copper bars traded for 100 dinars of gold. [52][55], Musa's generosity continued as he traveled onwards to Mecca, and he gave gifts to fellow pilgrims and the people of Medina and Mecca. This led to inflation throughout the kingdom. In the event of conquest, farins took control of the area until a suitable native ruler could be found. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. What happened to Mansa Musa I wealth? - Quora [123] Segou, defended by Bitn Coulibaly, successfully defended itself and Mama Maghan was forced to withdraw. [45], Many oral histories point to a town called Dakajalan as the original home of the Keita clan and Sundiata's childhood home and base of operations during the war against the Soso. [17] Whether Mali originated as the name of a town or region, the name was subsequently applied to the entire empire ruled from Mali. [72], According to Niane's version of the epic, during the rise of Kaniaga, Sundiata of the Keita clan was born in the early 13th century. The ancient kingdom of Mali spread across parts of modern-day Mali, Senegal, the Gambia, Guinea, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Mauritania, and Burkina Faso. It may have been located close to modern Kangaba. By the end of Mansa Musa's reign, the Sankor University had been converted into a fully staffed university with the largest collections of books in Africa since the Library of Alexandria.
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