Palm Inc., founded by Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins, originally created software for the Casio Zoomer personal data assistant. It was eventually housed at NASAs Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California. It was one of the first commercially available relational database management systems for microcomputers. microcomputer Flashcards | Quizlet The PowerBook line of computers was discontinued in 2006. At the 2006 World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) announces it will create a program to deliver technology and resources to targeted schools in the least developed countries. server. What is the function of an IEP generator? It was built in Washington DC as a test-bed for evaluating components and systems as well as for setting computer standards. The NeXT had three Motorola microprocessors and 8 MB of RAM. Microcomputers are an interesting part of the history of both computing and video games. refers to symbols that represent fast objects and ideas. The 2116A is HPs first computer. This is a list of early microcomputers sold to hobbyists and developers. Virginia Tech used more than a thousand PowerMac G5s to create the System X cluster supercomputer, rated #3 in November of that year on the worlds TOP500 fastest computers. Apple introduces their first ultra notebook a light, thin laptop with high-capacity battery. . That's not as trivial. This real-time information system began operating in the early 1960s. Chapter 1 Microcomputer Applications Exam Flashcards | Quizlet It was originally created for a nuclear missile design project in 1949 by a team led by Fred Steele. News of the groundbreaking electronic ENIAC computer that same year inspired the group to change course and attempt a digital solution, whereby flight variables could be rapidly programmed in software. Both faced strong competition from the Apple II, Commodore PET, and TRS-80 computers. Truong, founder and president of the French company R2E, created the Micral as a replacement for minicomputers in situations that did not require high performance, such as process control and highway toll collection. The Moore School Building at the University of Pennsylvania. Its price was especially attractive as the computer included very useful productivity software worth about $1,500 alone. The machine came with 256 bytes of memory (expandable to 64 KB) and an open 100-line bus structure that evolved into the S-100 standard widely used in hobbyist and personal computers of this era. An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. Over 30 were completed, including one delivered to Australia. Computer Science. The first VAIO, a desktop computer, featured an additional 3D interface on top of the Windows 95 operating system as a way of attracting new users. The notion of storing both data and instructions in memory became known as the stored program concept to distinguish it from earlier methods of instructing a computer. Quiz 1. Performing far better than the company projections of 3,000 units for the first year, in the first month after its release Tandy Radio Shacks first desktop computer the TRS-80 sells 10,000 units. What was the first computer software and how was it made? From concept to finished system, SCAMP took only six months to develop. D. Compaq's success launched a market for IBM-compatible computers that by 1996 had achieved an 83-percent share of the personal computer market. Colossus reduced the time to break Lorenz messages from weeks to hours. Scientific and defense applications included studies of human electrophysiology, nuclear weapon simulation, human genome mapping, and global climate change. Which of the following is not a file format in which audio-video files can be imported from a source and stored in a computer? At MIT, researchers begin experimenting with direct keyboard input to computers, a precursor to todays normal mode of operation. HP Netserver LM, one of the first to use Intel's Pentium. The Baby was built to test a new memory technology developed by Williams and Kilburn -- soon known as the Williams Tube which was the first high-speed electronic random access memory for computers. Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet Cameras would become a significant part of most phones within a year, and several countries have even passed laws regulating their use. Using dual PowerPC 603 CPUs, and featuring a large variety of peripheral ports, the first devices were used for software development. Its founders were Ken and Stan Olsen, and Harlan Anderson. In 1984, Michael Dell creates PC's Limited while still a student of the University of Texas at Austin. The fastest machine of its day, The Cray-1's speed comes partly from its shape, a "C," which reduces the length of wires and thus the time signals need to travel across them. ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, used about 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed 30 tons. This type of computer is useful in performing many of the mathematical equations scientists and engineers encounter in their work. Ed de Castro, its main designer and co-founder of Data General, had earlier led the team that created the DEC PDP-8. Based around the Texas Instruments TMS 9900 microprocessor running at 3 MHz, the TI 99/4 has one of the fastest CPUs available in a home computer. At a cost to computer makers of roughly $700, the ASR-33 Teletype is originally designed as a low cost terminal for the Western Union communications network. While many early digital computers were based on similar designs, such as the IAS and its copies, others are unique designs, like the CSIRAC. The PDP-8 sold for $18,000, one-fifth the price of a small IBM System/360 mainframe. This is likely the first example of remote access computing. ducing microcomputers to small and medium-sized transit operating agen-cies. Select the power connector that is specified by the ATX Version 2.2 standard, which allows more power to the motherboard for PCI Express (PCIe) devices. Xerox wasnt interested. Based on ideas from Alan Turing, Britains Pilot ACE computer is constructed at the National Physical Laboratory. The design packed 800 vacuum tubes into a relatively compact 12 square feet. Named in honor of the space shuttle which broke-up on re-entry, the Columbia supercomputer is an important part of NASA's return to manned spaceflight after the 2003 disaster. Developed for Busicom, a Japanese calculator maker, the 4004 had 2250 transistors and could perform up to 90,000 operations per second in four-bit chunks. Northrop was initially reluctant to make MADDIDA a commercial product, but by the end of 1952, six had sold. The replica is currently on display at the Computer History Museum. Reduced instruction set computers (RISC) grow out of the observation that the simplest 20 percent of a computers instruction set does 80 percent of the work. Arduino soon became the main computer platform of the worldwide Maker movement. Walt Disney Pictures ordered eight of the 200B model to test recording equipment and speaker systems for the 12 specially equipped theatres that showed the movie Fantasia in 1940. Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. The US Navy Tactical Data System uses computers to integrate and display shipboard radar, sonar and communications data. In all, about 200 of the boards were sold before Apple announced the follow-on Apple II a year later as a ready-to-use computer for consumers, a model which sold in the millions for nearly two decades. The Standards Eastern Automatic Computer (SEAC) is among the first stored program computers completed in the United States. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. Compaq beats IBM to the market when it announces the Deskpro 386, the first computer on the market to use Intels new 80386 chip, a 32-bit microprocessor with 275,000 transistors on each chip. Produce results (output) 4. The Macintosh Portable was heavy, weighing sixteen pounds, and expensive (US$6,500). The computer he created, an all-black cube was an important innovation. Once finally completed, it achieved a computational speed of 200 million instructions per second and 1 billion bits per second of I/O transfer via a unique combination of its parallel architecture and the overlapping or "pipelining" structure of its 64 processing elements. Their first product, the HP 200A Audio Oscillator, rapidly became a popular piece of test equipment for engineers. What feature of modern productivity tools makes it possible for files created in one software product to be opened in another software product? When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. The Difference Engine #2 at the Science Museum, London. It was also repeatedly expanded and improved throughout its 13-year lifespan. The line was discontinued less than two years later. For research, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) supplied the components, and 50 original LINCs were made. The Jaguar was used to study climate science, seismology, and astrophysics applications. Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1 Flashcards Bill Gates and Paul Allen licensed their BASIC programming language interpreter to MITS as the main language for the Altair. The 486 chips remained similar in structure to their predecessors, the 386 chips. Its Williams-Kilburn tube memory system was later adopted by several other early computer systems around the world. A commercial version of Alan Turing's Pilot ACE, called DEUCEthe Digital Electronic Universal Computing Engine -- is used mostly for science and engineering problems and a few commercial applications. The first microcomputers (images) - CNET Chapter5.docx - CHAPTER 5 1. QUESTION 1 During the 1980s The line was discontinued in 2014. It was transferred to the Department of Physics at the University of Melbourne in 1955 and remained in service until 1964. Description. Lisa itself, and especially its GUI, were inspired by earlier work at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center. The RISC PC was used widely in UK broadcast television and in music production. Quiz Chapters EME 4312 Flashcards | Quizlet The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. Quizlet ch3.pdf - 3/21/2021 Chapter 3: Computer Hardware The motes were powered by a tiny battery and could gain light energy through a photocell, which was enough to feed the infinitesimally small amount of energy a mote consumes (1 picowatt). Typically, computer users of the time fed their programs into a computer using punched cards or paper tape. The first of David Hilbert's 23 unsolved problems presented at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 involved the Continuum Hypothesis. Officially known as the Track Write, the automatically expanding full-sized keyboard used by the ThinkPad 701 is designed by inventor John Karidis. It has pre-programmed curricular material. Which two kinds of software are designed primarily for use by individuals rather than by groups of students? The British Broadcasting Corporations Computer Literacy Project hoped to introduce interested adults to the world of computers. Acorn produces a popular computer, the BBC Microcomputer System, so viewers at home could follow along on their own home computers as they watched the program. Microcomputers for Twenty-First Century Educators (Paperback, 4th ed) / Author: Lockard / Author: Abrams / Author: "Many ; 9780673524560 ; Educational resources & technology, Education, Social sciences, Books In 1979, Truong sold R2E to Bull. Apps, games, and accessories helped spur the popularity of the iPad and led to its adoption in thousands of different applications from movie making, creating art, making music, inventory control and point-of-sale systems, to name but a few. The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. b. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. After being successfully used for decades, NTDS was phased out in favor of the newer AEGIS system in the 1980s. It would serve as the model for several other significant multi-processor systems that would be among the fastest in the world. Motorola went on to create the 68000 series, which became the basis for the Apple Macintosh line of computers. Designed by engineer Gardner Hendrie for Computer Control Corporation (CCC), the DDP-116 is announced at the 1965 Spring Joint Computer Conference. Apollo and its main competitor, Sun Microsystems, optimized their machines to run the computer-intensive graphics programs common in engineering and scientific applications. Which Software Was The First Available For Microcomputers? Today those systems use the PowerPC chip, also by Motorola and a successor to the 68000 series. The 1973 Wang 2200 makes it a successful computer company, too. What software was the first available for microcomputers? Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. The IBM PC was widely copied (cloned) and led to the creation of a vast ecosystem of software, peripherals, and other commodities for use with the platform. most important part of computer. Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. The first practical stored-program computer to provide a regular computing service, EDSAC is built at Cambridge University using vacuum tubes and mercury delay lines for memory. False Drivers are used to communicate with peripheral devices such as monitors, printers, and keyboards. Operational by 1964, it was not the first computerized reservation system, but it was well publicized and became very influential. Download now! Despite using 98,304 PowerPC chips, Sequoia's relatively low power usage made it unusually efficient. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. Which of the following is an online course characteristic that supports success? Microsoft Windows, also called Windows and Windows OS, computer operating system (OS) developed by Microsoft Corporation to run personal computers (PCs). The AGC was one of the earliest uses of integrated circuits, and used core memory, as well as read-only magnetic rope memory. The machines were used by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to run massive solar energy simulations, as well as some of the most complex molecular studies ever undertaken. OS/2 will continue to be used in special A driver education teacher might use this kind of software to let students "practice" driving before actually getting in a car. IBM released a new operating system, OS/2, at the same time, allowing the use of a mouse with IBM PCs for the first time. workstations. After the success of the PET, Commodore remained a major player in the personal computer market into the 1990s. Microcomputers for Twenty-First Century Educators (Paperback, 4th ed The definition of a computer remained the same until the end of the 19th century, when the industrial revolution gave rise to mechanical machines whose primary purpose was . By 2011, over 2.4 million laptops had been shipped. Curt Herzstark was an Austrian engineer who worked in his familys manufacturing business until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1943. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). A microcomputer contains a microprocessor (a central processing unit on a microchip ), memory in the form of read-only memory and random access memory , . The Librascope division of defense contractor General Precision buys Frankels design, renaming it the LGP-30 in 1956. The upgraded and faster Tianhe-1A used Intel Xeon CPUs as well, but switched to nVidia's Tesla GPUs and added more than 2,000 Fei-Tang (SPARC-based) processors. The most popular operating system for small microcomputers in the late 1970s was CP/M, written by Gary Kildall in about 1974 and marketed by the company he started, Digital Research, Inc. IBM visited Digital Research in August 1980 - some say at the suggestion of Bill Gates - to investigate using "CP/M-86, their upcoming version for . Title card- BBCs The Computer Programme. Chuck Peddle leads a small team of former Motorola employees to build a low-cost microprocessor. microprocessor/ processor. After the success of the first LEO, Lyons went into business manufacturing computers to meet the growing need for data processing systems in business. Federico Faggin led the design and Ted Hoff led the architecture. The first advertisement for a microprocessor, the Intel 4004, appears in Electronic News. Operator at Complex Number Calculator (CNC). The IBM PC revolutionized business computing by becoming the first PC to gain widespread adoption by industry. Joe Thompson at Whirlwind console, ca. In 1975, Scelbi introduced the 8B version with 16 KB of memory for the business market. This printing programmable calculator was made from discrete transistors and an acoustic delay-line memory. The PROMs contained a disk operating system, allowing. Univac computers were used in many different applications but utilities, insurance companies and the US military were major customers. The title of first commercially available general-purpose computer probably goes to Britains Ferranti Mark I for its sale of its first Mark I computer to Manchester University. true. The handwriting recognition software was much maligned for inaccuracy. Inside was a Z80 microprocessor and a built-in BASIC language interpreter. Within a year, he had built the worlds first laser printer, launching a new era in computer printing, generating billions of dollars in revenue for Xerox. The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computers of all time. "We are trying to build a machine to do all kinds of different things simply by programming rather than by the addition of extra apparatus," Turing said at a symposium on large-scale digital calculating machinery in 1947 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Intended to be a less expensive alternative to the PET, the VIC-20 was highly successful, becoming the first computer to sell more than a million units. System/360 was aimed at both business and scientific customers and all models could run the same software, largely without modification. Introduced at the Altair Convention in Albuquerque in March 1976, the visual display module enabled the use of personal computers for interactive games. It was a commercial computer based on a microprocessor, the Intel 8008. OS/2 was the first advanced GUI operating system for Intel-based microcomputers, and has been around for a few years. These tools take over the task of doing arithmetic functions so that students can focus on higher level mathematics concepts Spreadsheet This software is sometimes credited with starting the "microcomputer revolution" in schools, since it was the first software package available for home computers. [2] Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. The first digital computer that could operate in real-time came out of Project Whirlwind, a initiative during World War II in which MIT worked with the U.S. Navy to develop a universal flight simulator. The laser printer was used with PARCs Alto computer, and was commercialized as the Xerox 9700. Which of the following is not a benefit offered by simulations? The first large-scale computer communications network, SAGE connects 23 hardened computer sites in the US and Canada. _____ account allows changes that affect other users, changes to security settings, installation of software and hardware, and access to all files on the computer. True The term DBMS is used in reference to spreadsheet software. 2.4 trillion. A total of ten Colossi were delivered, each using as many as 2,500 vacuum tubes. Apple makes a splash with its Bondi Blue iMac, which sells for about $1,300. C. Astronauts communicated with the computer by punching two-digit codes into the display and keyboard unit (DSKY). Featuring the first graphical user interface (GUI) for IBM -compatible PCs, the Windows OS soon dominated the PC market. Zuse later supervised a reconstruction of the Z3 in the 1960s, which is currently on display at the Deutsches Museum in Munich. The PowerBook 100 was the entry-level machine, while the PowerBook 140 was more powerful and had a larger memory. By the mid-1960s, nearly half of all computers in the world were IBM 1401s.
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